Chemistry Fellowships
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Available on Handshake
DoD SMART Scholarship-for-Service Program at DoD SMART Scholarship Program
Mon, 19 Aug 2024 15:26:26 +0000
Employer: DoD SMART Scholarship Program Expires: 12/06/2024 SMART is a scholarship-for-service program established by the Department of Defense (DoD) to enhance the workforce with qualified civilian scientists, researchers, and engineers. SMART offers students pursuing STEM degrees full tuition, an annual stipend, book and health insurance allowances, summer internships, and guaranteed civilian... Read more »
2025 NIDDK Distinguished Postbaccalaureate Scholars Program at National Institutes of Health
Mon, 4 Nov 2024 19:36:46 +0000
Employer: National Institutes of Health Expires: 12/07/2024 The NIDDK Distinguished Postbaccalaureate Scholars Program is a full-time 1-2 year paid fellowship for recent college graduates* interested in advancing hands-on skills in basic and clinical research that is relevant to the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) mission. The program strongly encourages ... Read more »
Computational AI Postdoctoral Fellow (ID: 103001) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Thu, 14 Nov 2024 19:52:24 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 12/09/2024 Berkeley Lab’s (LBNL) Biological Systems and Engineering (BSE) Division has an opening for a Postdoctoral Fellow to join the Quantitative Modeling Group led by Héctor García Martín to develop machine learning algorithms, mechanistic models, data science pipelines, and automated workflows to design cells to produce renewable products... Read more »
Application of AI/ML to Advance Catalyst Development Efforts for Waste Methane Valorization at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Thu, 17 Oct 2024 16:16:55 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/21/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Methane Emissions Quantification from Natural Gas Infrastructure at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Wed, 13 Nov 2024 16:48:31 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Public Health Laboratory Fellowship: an APHL-CDC Initiative at Association of Public Health Laboratories
Thu, 29 Aug 2024 13:17:26 +0000
Employer: Association of Public Health Laboratories Expires: 12/31/2024 Public Health Laboratory Fellowship Program: an APHL-CDC InitiativeFellowships support a wide spectrum of public health laboratory program areas, such as: bioinformatics, biosafety and biosecurity, emergency preparedness and response, environmental health, infectious disease, informatics, food safety, newborn screening, and... Read more »
AI Guided Multiphysics and Multi-Scale Modeling of Microwave-Based Conversion Systems for the Valorization of Methane at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Thu, 21 Nov 2024 20:49:08 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Machine Learning Applications for Subsurface Characterization to Support Geologic Storage of CO2 at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Wed, 20 Nov 2024 19:39:09 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Thermo-chemical CO2 Conversion at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 13 May 2024 20:45:29 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Go-Gasification Technologies Demonstration at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 13 May 2024 20:51:05 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Critical Minerals from Domestic Unconventional Feedstocks at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Thu, 29 Aug 2024 18:05:16 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Characterizing Critical Metal Binding in Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Solids at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 19 Aug 2024 16:41:53 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Plant Biologist Postdoctoral Fellow (ID: 103140) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Thu, 14 Nov 2024 19:44:54 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 12/31/2024 Berkeley Lab’s (LBNL) Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology (EGSB) Division has an opening for a Plant Biologist Postdoctoral Fellow to join the Plant Group within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded Restoration of Soil Carbon by Precision Biological Strategies (RESTOR-C) Energy Earthshot Research Center. In this ... Read more »
Computational Postdoctoral Fellow (Optimization and Learning for Cryo-Electron Microscopy) (ID: 102780) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Thu, 14 Nov 2024 19:32:56 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 12/31/2024 Berkeley Lab’s (LBNL) Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (MBIB) has an opening for a Postdoctoral Fellow to jointly work with the Applied Mathematics and Computational Research (AMCR) Division and the Center for Advanced Mathematics for Energy Research Applications (CAMERA). In this role, you will develop... Read more »
Biologist Postdoctoral Fellow (ID: 102552) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Thu, 14 Nov 2024 19:53:37 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 12/31/2024 Berkeley Lab’s (LBNL) Biological Systems and Engineering (BSE) Division has an opening for a Postdoctoral Fellow to join the Deconstruction Division at the Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) located in Emeryville, CA. This role offers the opportunity to contribute to pioneering research in the development of biotechnology-relevant... Read more »
FDA Food Chemistry Summer Research Fellowship at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 4 Mar 2024 20:16:24 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 12/31/2024 Description *Applications will be reviewed on a rolling-basis.FDA Office and Location: A research opportunity is available within the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) located at College Park, Maryland.The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, known ... Read more »
NIAID Postdoctoral Intramural Fellowship at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Mon, 29 Jul 2024 19:41:11 +0000
Employer: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - NIAID Intramural Training Expires: 01/01/2025 Postdoctoral fellows (postdocs) at NIAID engage in advanced research at the forefront of immunologic, allergic, and infectious diseases while gaining access to outstanding career and professional support. Postdocs conduct research in NIAID laboratories located in Maryland and Montana... Read more »
FDA Fellowship in Mass Spectrometry Characterization of Complex Allergen Extracts at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 12 Feb 2024 21:19:37 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 01/01/2025 Application Deadline 12/31/2024 11:59:00 PM Eastern Time ZoneDescription Applications will be reviewed on a rolling-basis and this opportunity will remain open until filled.A research opportunity is currently available in the Office of Vaccine Research and Review (OVRR) at the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research... Read more »
NIAID Postbaccalaureate Intramural Fellowship at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:45:20 +0000
Employer: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - NIAID Intramural Training Expires: 01/01/2025 Postbaccalaureate research trainees (postbacs) at NIAID engage in research at the forefront of immunologic, allergic, and infectious diseases. Postbacs conduct research in NIAID laboratories located in Maryland and Montana (Rocky Mountain Laboratories in Hamilton), which provides a ... Read more »
Barbara McClintock Bioscience Postdoctoral Fellowship, NM/CA, Onsite at Sandia National Laboratories
Wed, 4 Dec 2024 09:51:30 +0000
Employer: Sandia National Laboratories Expires: 01/03/2025 About Sandia:Sandia National Laboratories is the nation’s premier science and engineering lab for national security and technology innovation, with teams of specialists focused on cutting-edge work in a broad array of areas. Some of the main reasons we love our jobs:Challenging work with amazing impact that contributes to security, peace... Read more »
ASHG-NHGRI Post-Baccalaureate Genomics Analyst Fellowship at American Society of Human Genetics
Wed, 25 Sep 2024 19:38:57 +0000
Employer: American Society of Human Genetics Expires: 01/05/2025 The Post-Baccalaureate Genomics Analyst Fellowship aims to provides fellows skills and experiences for understanding how genetics and genomics research is funded and managed and how to connect genetics and genomics to medicine and society. This is not a lab-based research fellowship.The fellowship provides experiences working at... Read more »
2025 Science Policy Fellowship at Institute for Defense Analyses
Thu, 5 Sep 2024 13:30:00 +0000
Employer: Institute for Defense Analyses Expires: 01/07/2025 OverviewThe Science and Technology Policy Institute (STPI) is a congressionally chartered, Federally Funded Research and Development Center operated by the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA).STPI provides independent analytical support to the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the National Science Foundation... Read more »
Translational Research Postdoctoral Fellowship at Kaiser Permanente
Mon, 4 Nov 2024 17:55:44 +0000
Employer: Kaiser Permanente Expires: 01/13/2025 Translational Research Postdoctoral Fellowship Program The Division of Research (DOR) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) is recruiting for their second of fellows for the Translational Research Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. This two-year multidisciplinary fellowship program will train the next generation of researchers to conduct... Read more »
Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) Fellowship: U.S. Department of Energy at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 25 Nov 2024 15:20:40 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education - Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Expires: 01/15/2025 Application Deadline1/15/2025 11:59:59 PM Eastern Time ZonePlease note that only applications submitted via Zintellect (linked in this posting below) will be reviewed and selected. Apply now! https://www.zintellect.com/Opportunity/Details/DOE-EERE-STP-SETO-2025-2100 The U.S. Department... Read more »
Selective Electrocatalysis and Corrosion - Naval Research Lab in Washington, DC at Naval Research Laboratory
Fri, 23 Feb 2024 21:22:53 +0000
Employer: Naval Research Laboratory Expires: 01/23/2025 Postdoctoral Research Associate –Selective ElectrocatalysisNaval Research LaboratoryWashington, DC, United States (On-Site)DescriptionOverview:We are seeking a Postdoctoral Research Associate who will perform fundamental research in the area of selective electrocatalysis and applied research in the formation and characterization of cathodically... Read more »
Multiphysics Simulations of Fuel Cell and Electrolyzer Performance Degradation at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Fri, 8 Nov 2024 17:59:39 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 01/31/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Hoffman Postdoctoral Fellowship (ID: 102893) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Tue, 8 Oct 2024 22:27:03 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 01/31/2025 The NextGen Nonproliferation Leadership Development Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is looking for exceptional Postdoctoral Fellows to join our fundamental research mission in service of nuclear nonproliferation. Postdoctoral Fellows will be brought to Berkeley Lab under the newly-established Darleane ... Read more »
UCSF Postdoctoral Fellowships in Tobacco Control Research at University of California San Francisco
Wed, 27 Nov 2024 18:29:41 +0000
Employer: University of California San Francisco - UCSF Center for Tobacco Control Research & Education Expires: 02/07/2025 UCSF Center for Tobacco Control Research & EducationPostdoctoral Fellowships in Tobacco Control Research Academic Background Required:Doctorate/Equivalent Degree (PhD, DrPH, MD, DDS, JD) APPLY NOW for Fellowships beginning on JULY 1, 2025. The purpose of the fellowship is:· To... Read more »
Materials Chemistry Postdoctoral Scholar at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Wed, 21 Aug 2024 18:17:02 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 02/21/2025 Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) is an inclusive and supportive community of scientists and engineers making significant impacts in stride in the fields of materials science and energy. Join our dynamic team at the The Materials Sciences Division, where we are pioneering the future of materials and energy through adaptive... Read more »
Postbac Fellowship: Biomolecular Structure Prediction and Design at Johns Hopkins University
Wed, 4 Sep 2024 17:59:39 +0000
Employer: Johns Hopkins University Expires: 03/02/2025 The Rosetta Commons Research and Mentoring for Postbaccalureates (RaMP) is a one-year fellowship program intended for students from groups underrepresented in STEM, first generation college students, and students at under-resourced institutions to gain research experience to succeed in PhD programs.Trainees in this geographically-distributed... Read more »
Career Prep Program Information Session at Management Leadership for Tomorrow
Wed, 4 Sep 2024 13:38:43 +0000
Employer: Management Leadership for Tomorrow Expires: 03/04/2025 Hello!You are personally invited to join one of the most exciting information sessions with the MLT's Career Prep Team. Feel free to attend any of the sessions below that best fits your schedule so that you can learn more about the amazing MLT Career Prep Program. We can't wait to see you there! September Information SessionsSep... Read more »
Hydrogen Hub at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 9 Sep 2024 15:50:18 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 03/09/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Postdoctoral Researcher AI/ML and Active Learning at National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Tue, 17 Sep 2024 16:48:57 +0000
Employer: National Renewable Energy Laboratory Expires: 03/17/2025 Postdoctoral Researcher - AI/ML and Active Learning Job DescriptionThe AI, Learning, and Intelligent Systems (ALIS) group in the NREL Computational Science Center has an opening for a full-time postdoctoral researcher in machine learning (ML), with an emphasis on:Deep learning methods development, Probabilistic modeling, Active... Read more »
Postdoctoral Fellow at The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (HJF)
Tue, 24 Sep 2024 14:20:43 +0000
Employer: The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (HJF) Expires: 03/24/2025 Join the HJF Team! HJF is seeking a Postdoctoral Fellow to support the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense in the Department of Pediatrics at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) in Bethesda, Maryland. Required qualifications include a Ph... Read more »
Postdoctoral Fellow in Cancer Biology at Moffitt Cancer Center
Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:16:09 +0000
Employer: Moffitt Cancer Center - Research Expires: 03/30/2025 Postdoctoral Fellow in Cancer BiologyA postdoctoral position is available in Dr. Lixin Wan’s group at Moffitt Cancer Center Department of Molecular Oncology.The research in Dr. Wan’s lab is focused on protein post-translational modifications. We are interested in understanding how these modifications are misregulated in tumor cells... Read more »
Well Integrity and Improved Plugging at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Thu, 21 Nov 2024 20:34:43 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 03/31/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Enabling Safe and Reliable Underground Storage Operations for Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Wed, 6 Nov 2024 18:32:34 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 04/01/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Electrochemical CO2 Conversion at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 19 Aug 2024 16:57:26 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 04/30/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Health Professions Scholarship Program at U.S. Navy
Thu, 12 Sep 2024 20:26:11 +0000
Employer: U.S. Navy - MEDICAL OFFICER Expires: 04/30/2025 The Health Professions Scholarship Program is designed to provide a financial incentive for students in designated health care professions to complete degree requirements and obtain a commission in the Medical Corps.Benefits:· $20,000 signing bonus· 100% of your tuition is paid· Monthly stipend of over $2400 to spend as you like· All educationally... Read more »
Educator Fellowship at Eagle Rock School & Professional Development Center
Mon, 4 Nov 2024 02:34:01 +0000
Employer: Eagle Rock School & Professional Development Center Expires: 05/03/2025 Eagle Rock Instructional FellowshipPosition DescriptionThe Eagle Rock Fellowship selects promising young educators to participate in advanced service and leadership development focused on education and youth work. Located at the nationally recognized Eagle Rock School and Professional Development Center in Estes... Read more »
CBER Staff Fellow/Visiting Associate – Pharmacology/Toxicology Reviewer at US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Wed, 6 Nov 2024 14:18:07 +0000
Employer: US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Expires: 05/06/2025 The FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Office of Therapeutic Products (OTP), Office of Pharmacology/Toxicology (OPT) is recruiting to fill multiple Staff Fellow/Visiting Associate positions to serve as Pharmacology/Toxicology Reviewers. We encourage outstanding scientists and biomedical engineers with... Read more »
Sustainability and Environment Program Director at Manna Project International
Wed, 6 Nov 2024 20:29:34 +0000
Employer: Manna Project International Expires: 05/06/2025 Manna Project International (MPI), a US-based nonprofit organization operating health, education, and economic empowerment programs in Ecuador, is looking for 13-month Program Directors (PDs) to strengthen our team in our new location in Shandia, Ecuador, a underserved community of Indigenous Kichwa people in the middle of the Amazon Rainforest... Read more »
FBI Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit (CFSRU) Chemical Analysis of Primary Explosives at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 13 May 2024 14:59:06 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 05/12/2025 *Applications will be reviewed on a rolling-basis.The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit’s (CFSRU) provides technical leadership for the FBI as well as for other law enforcement and intelligence agencies through applied research and development.What will I be... Read more »
DOE Science, Technology and Policy Program– Office of Electricity-Energy Storage Division Fellow at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Mon, 25 Nov 2024 19:29:16 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education - Department of Energy Expires: 05/25/2025 DOE Science, Technology and Policy Program– Office of Electricity-Energy Storage Division https://www.zintellect.com/Opportunity/Details/DOE-STP-OE-2024-0002 About the Office of ElectricityThe mission of the Office of Electricity is to lead the Department of Energy’s research, development, and demonstration... Read more »
Research Scientist at Bar-Ilan University
Mon, 2 Dec 2024 12:01:36 +0000
Employer: Bar-Ilan University Expires: 05/26/2025 The lab specializes in employing a diverse range of spectroscopic techniques to unravel the intricate mechanisms of copper cellular metal transfer, both in vitro and within living cells. We are looking for candidates with background in magnetic resonance/biochemistry/radiochemistry. The work involves protein expression in E.coli as well as in... Read more »
Postdoctoral Scholar at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Tue, 26 Nov 2024 20:05:00 +0000
Employer: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Expires: 05/26/2025 Lawrence Berkeley National Lab’s (LBNL) Energy Storage & Distributed Resources Division has an opening for a Postdoctoral Scholar to join the team.In this exciting role, you will work in the Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division. You will support the research programs in the Electrochemistry Group aiming to develop... Read more »
Public Health Program Director at Manna Project International
Thu, 31 Oct 2024 18:35:01 +0000
Employer: Manna Project International Expires: 07/30/2025 Manna Project International (MPI), a US-based nonprofit organization operating health, education, and economic empowerment programs in Ecuador, is looking for 13-month Program Directors (PDs) to strengthen our team in our new location in Shandia, Ecuador, a underserved community of Indigenous Kichwa people in the middle of the Amazon Rainforest... Read more »
Methane Emissions Quantification from the Oil and Gas Sector at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Wed, 6 Nov 2024 18:36:39 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 09/30/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »
Methane Emissions Quantification from Marginal Conventional Wells at Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Wed, 6 Nov 2024 18:41:24 +0000
Employer: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Expires: 09/30/2025 The National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL's) record of success has been built on understanding the future of energy and the technologies required to make that future possible. We’ve long touted our success in developing the technologies that took on acid rain in the 1970s and mercury in the early 2000s. More recently... Read more »